Spire Global's Hyperspectral Push: Redefining Weather Forecasting from Space

November 18, 2025

Launching a New Era of Atmospheric Observation

Spire Global has shipped nine satellites to Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, preparing for a launch aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. This mission isn't just about expanding Spire’s constellation; it’s about fundamentally changing how we understand and predict weather patterns. The launch includes a key demonstrator: a hyperspectral microwave sounder (HyMS), poised to significantly improve the accuracy of weather forecasting, alongside customer payloads and a critical constellation replenishment satellite. This move signals Spire's ambition to become a leading provider of advanced weather data and insights.

The Science Behind Hyperspectral Microwave Sounding

Traditional weather satellites often rely on a limited number of microwave channels, restricting their ability to capture the full complexity of atmospheric conditions. HyMS, developed in collaboration with the UK's RAL Space and STAR-Dundee Ltd., tackles this limitation head-on. By collecting data across a much wider spectrum of frequencies, HyMS delivers a more detailed and precise picture of temperature, humidity, and precipitation at various altitudes. “The increased spectral resolution allows us to ‘see’ atmospheric features with greater clarity,” explained an industry source familiar with the technology. “This translates directly into more accurate forecasts, particularly for rapidly changing weather events.” This capability is vital for sectors ranging from agriculture and disaster preparedness to aviation and energy.

HyMS is uniquely capable of operating effectively even in challenging conditions, such as dense cloud cover or heavy rainfall, where visible and infrared sensors struggle. The technology's ability to detect Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) also addresses a growing concern as the spectrum becomes increasingly congested. “The proliferation of 5G and future 6G networks necessitates advanced monitoring of the radio frequency environment,” added the source. “HyMS can play a crucial role in mitigating interference and ensuring the reliability of communication systems.”

Navigating a Competitive Landscape

Spire Global is entering a competitive market for Earth observation data and analytics. Established players like Planet Labs and Maxar Technologies hold significant market share, offering a range of imaging and data services. Planet Labs excels in providing frequent, medium-resolution imagery, while Maxar focuses on high-resolution imagery and geospatial intelligence. However, Spire differentiates itself through its vertically integrated approach, owning the entire process from satellite design and manufacturing to data processing and analytics.

This integration allows Spire to rapidly iterate on new technologies and respond quickly to customer requirements. The company’s focus on providing actionable insights, rather than just raw data, also sets it apart. “Many companies sell data,” noted a financial analyst covering the space sector. “Spire aims to deliver solutions, providing customers with the information they need to make informed decisions.” However, recent financial results reveal a strategic shift as Spire sold off its Maritime business. This move, while streamlining operations, has decreased revenue, placing increased importance on the success of its Weather and Space Reconnaissance divisions. The company faces the challenge of scaling these operations efficiently and demonstrating a clear path to profitability.

Implications for Climate Modeling and Beyond

While improved weather forecasting is a primary goal, the data collected by HyMS also has significant implications for climate modeling. More accurate atmospheric observations can help refine climate models, leading to more reliable predictions of long-term climate trends. This information is crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change and developing effective mitigation and adaptation strategies.

Beyond climate and weather, the hyperspectral data can be used for a variety of applications, including monitoring agricultural conditions, tracking deforestation, and assessing water quality. “The versatility of this technology is remarkable,” stated a climate scientist. “It has the potential to address some of the most pressing environmental challenges facing our planet.” The launch of these satellites signifies not only a technological advancement but also a commitment to providing data-driven solutions for a sustainable future. Spire’s commitment to vertically integrated operations provides the potential to quickly adapt to changing needs in these important sectors.